(DEPRECATED) Apache Flink User Mailing List archive.

Re: Reading from AVRO files

Posted by Lorenzo Nicora on
URL: http://deprecated-apache-flink-user-mailing-list-archive.369.s1.nabble.com/Reading-from-AVRO-files-tp35850p36010.html

Hi Arvid,

Sorry but saying the AVRO compiler setup is "broken" sounds like an easy way for dismissing a problem ;)

I am using the official AVRO 1.8.2 Maven plugin with no customisation to generate the code.

There might be some legit AVRO configurations that are incompatible with Flink or something in the schema not fully supported.

In particular, I noticed the user.avsc schema in Flink testing has no optional logical type fields while my schema has multiple optional timestamps.

Can AVRO-1891 (fixed in AVRO 1.9.1) be related?

I tried changing user.avsc making one of the timestamp fields a union with null, and flink-avro tests start failing with a lot of "Unknown datum type org.joda.time.DateTime"

This would explain why using records generated with AVRO 1.9.2 and dateTimeLogicalType=Joda and enableObjectReuse() behaves better.

The workaround only partially solves my problem.

It looks like deepCopies happen in many places not controlled by enableObjectReuse, like when adding to some Collectors. Am I right?

Cheers

Lorenzo

On Mon, 15 Jun 2020 at 19:30, Arvid Heise <[hidden email]> wrote:

Hi Lorenzo,

Thank you for confirming my suspicion. It really means something is broken in your Avro compiler setup and there is not much that we can do on our end.

Just for reference, we are having a user.avsc [1] being compiled [2] with <avro.version>1.8.2</avro.version> into this snippet [3] for our tests. Look especially on how the conversions look like; they have a different template style than yours.

The expectation is that you have 1 conversion for each logical type that is compiled to joda type. If you have conversions on other places, you can trace back to which field they belong by using the IndexedRecord methods.

[1] https://github.com/apache/flink/blob/master/flink-formats/flink-avro/src/test/resources/avro/user.avsc
[2] https://github.com/apache/flink/blob/master/flink-formats/flink-avro/pom.xml
[3] https://gist.github.com/AHeise/041ff5ccf76087975ed157c3d3276875
On Thu, Jun 11, 2020 at 3:22 PM Lorenzo Nicora <[hidden email]> wrote:
Hi Arvit,

I followed your instructions for the breakpoint in SpecificDatumReader.readField with AVRO 1.8.2,

For all timestamp-millis fields (I have many):

Conversion<?> conversion = ((SpecificRecordBase) r).getConversion(f.pos());

returns null for all timestamp-millis fields (I have many), so...

datum = readWithoutConversion(oldDatum, f.schema(), in);

is used instead and returns a Long

Not sure it's relevant, but in this version I have the explicit dependency org.apache.avro:avro:1.8.2 and I am using the avro-maven-plugin (1.8.2) to generate the record from .avsc with this configuration:
<configuration>
<stringType>String</stringType>
<createSetters>true</createSetters>
<fieldVisibility>private</fieldVisibility>
<enableDecimalLogicalType>true</enableDecimalLogicalType>
</configuration>

Cheers
Lorenzo
On Thu, 11 Jun 2020 at 13:11, Arvid Heise <[hidden email]> wrote:
Sorry forget my last mail, that was half-finished.

Here is the real one:

Hi Lorenzo,
if you still have time to investigate.

Your stack trace shows that all expected code paths have been taken. Conversions are there; although they look different than here, but that can be attributed to the avro upgrade.

Could you put a breakpoint on SpecificDatumReader.readField, so that you can inspect the conversion for the timestamp field? You probably want to make it a conditional for f.name() == <your field name>.
The expected flow is that it should have a conversion that returns the joda time instead of the long. Then datum should be the converted joda time.
@Override
protected void readField(Object r, Schema.Field f, Object oldDatum,
                         ResolvingDecoder in, Object state)
    throws IOException {
  if (r instanceof SpecificRecordBase) {
    Conversion<?> conversion = ((SpecificRecordBase) r).getConversion(f.pos());

    Object datum;
    if (conversion != null) {
      datum = readWithConversion(
          oldDatum, f.schema(), f.schema().getLogicalType(), conversion, in);
    } else {
      datum = readWithoutConversion(oldDatum, f.schema(), in);
    }

    getData().setField(r, f.name(), f.pos(), datum);

  } else {
    super.readField(r, f, oldDatum, in, state);
  }
}
On Thu, Jun 11, 2020 at 2:06 PM Arvid Heise <[hidden email]> wrote:
Hi Lorenzo,

if you still have time to investigate.

Your stack trace shows that all expected code paths have been taken. Conversions are there although they look different than here, but that can be attributed to the avro upgrade.
@Override
protected void readField(Object r, Schema.Field f, Object oldDatum,
                         ResolvingDecoder in, Object state)
    throws IOException {
  if (r instanceof SpecificRecordBase) {
    Conversion<?> conversion = ((SpecificRecordBase) r).getConversion(f.pos());

    Object datum;
    if (conversion != null) {
      datum = readWithConversion(
          oldDatum, f.schema(), f.schema().getLogicalType(), conversion, in);
    } else {
      datum = readWithoutConversion(oldDatum, f.schema(), in);
    }

    getData().setField(r, f.name(), f.pos(), datum);

  } else {
    super.readField(r, f, oldDatum, in, state);
  }
}
On Thu, Jun 11, 2020 at 1:27 PM Lorenzo Nicora <[hidden email]> wrote:
Thanks Gouwei,

setting format.setReuseAvroValue(false) with 1.8.2-generated records does not solve the problem.

12:02:59,314 INFO org.apache.flink.runtime.checkpoint.CheckpointCoordinator - Discarding checkpoint 1 of job 46ea458aff2a496c4617a6b57e4de937.
java.lang.ClassCastException: java.lang.Long cannot be cast to org.joda.time.DateTime
at com.tenx.client.generalledger.event.GlHeader.put(GlHeader.java:125)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericData.setField(GenericData.java:690)
at org.apache.avro.specific.SpecificDatumReader.readField(SpecificDatumReader.java:119)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericDatumReader.readRecord(GenericDatumReader.java:222)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericDatumReader.readWithoutConversion(GenericDatumReader.java:175)
at org.apache.avro.specific.SpecificDatumReader.readField(SpecificDatumReader.java:116)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericDatumReader.readRecord(GenericDatumReader.java:222)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericDatumReader.readWithoutConversion(GenericDatumReader.java:175)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericDatumReader.read(GenericDatumReader.java:153)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericDatumReader.read(GenericDatumReader.java:145)
at org.apache.avro.file.DataFileStream.next(DataFileStream.java:233)
at org.apache.flink.formats.avro.AvroInputFormat.nextRecord(AvroInputFormat.java:170)
at org.apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.source.ContinuousFileReaderOperator$SplitReader.run(ContinuousFileReaderOperator.java:323)

----------------------------

Summarising, the only working combination seems to be:
Use AVRO 1.9.2 code generation, setting dateTimeLogicalTypeImplementation = joda
Enabling Object Reuse (being careful for the implications)
Using AVRO 1.8.2 code generation does not work, with any of the other workarounds.
Using Generic objects does not work for a bug in AvroSerializer but GenericRecords also brings a number of other problems.

I am not very comfortable with using AVRO objects generated with a different AVRO version than the one supported by Flink.
I am going to map AVRO records into hand-written POJOs immediately after the ingestion to reduce chances of further issues. I reckon this is very empirical, but that's what the workaround looks to me :)

Lorenzo

P.S, I want to give a massive thank to this community. So far it has been one of the most reactive and helpful I ever interacted with.
On Thu, 11 Jun 2020 at 10:25, Guowei Ma <[hidden email]> wrote:
Hi,
for the 1.8.2(case 1) you could try the format.setReuseAvroValue(false);

Best,
Guowei
Lorenzo Nicora <[hidden email]> 于2020年6月11日周四下午5:02写道：
Hi Arvid,

thanks for the point about catching records. Gotcha!

Sorry I cannot share the full schema or generated code. It's a 3rd party IP and we signed a meter-think NDA... I think I can post snippets.
The schema is heavily nested, including arrays of other record types
Types are primitives, or logical decimal and timestamp-millis. No union.
#conversion is in AccountEntries only (one of the nested records) and looks like this:
private static final org.apache.avro.Conversion<?>[] conversions =
    new org.apache.avro.Conversion<?>[] {
    null,
    null,
    null,
    new org.apache.avro.data.JodaTimeConversions.TimestampConversion(),
    new org.apache.avro.data.JodaTimeConversions.TimestampConversion(),
    new org.apache.avro.data.JodaTimeConversions.TimestampConversion(),
    null,
    null,
    null,
    null,
    null,
    null,
    null
};
Note that I have to generate the specific object with AVRO 1.9.2 Maven Plugin.
With 1.8.2 generated code it fails with the following exception, regardless setting enableObjectReuse()

java.lang.ClassCastException: java.lang.Long cannot be cast to org.joda.time.DateTime
at com.tenx.client.generalledger.event.GlHeader.put(GlHeader.java:125)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericData.setField(GenericData.java:690)
at org.apache.avro.specific.SpecificDatumReader.readField(SpecificDatumReader.java:119)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericDatumReader.readRecord(GenericDatumReader.java:222)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericDatumReader.readWithoutConversion(GenericDatumReader.java:175)
at org.apache.avro.specific.SpecificDatumReader.readField(SpecificDatumReader.java:116)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericDatumReader.readRecord(GenericDatumReader.java:222)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericDatumReader.readWithoutConversion(GenericDatumReader.java:175)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericDatumReader.read(GenericDatumReader.java:153)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericDatumReader.read(GenericDatumReader.java:145)
at org.apache.avro.file.DataFileStream.next(DataFileStream.java:233)
at org.apache.flink.formats.avro.AvroInputFormat.nextRecord(AvroInputFormat.java:165)
at org.apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.source.ContinuousFileReaderOperator$SplitReader.run(ContinuousFileReaderOperator.java:323)

Thanks for the help
Lorenzo
On Thu, 11 Jun 2020 at 08:58, Arvid Heise <[hidden email]> wrote:
Hi Lorenzo,

I'm glad that it worked out somehow, but I'd still like to understand what went wrong, so it will work more smoothly for future users. I double checked and we even test AvroSerializer with logical types, so I'm a bit puzzled.

Could you attach GlHeader or at least show us how GlHeader#conversions look like? I want to exclude the possibility that the source generator screwed up.

Concerning object reuse is that you need to treat all POJO as immutable (I'm assuming that that's what your meant from your description), but you should also never cache values like
class ShiftElements extends MapFunction {
Object lastElement;

Object map(Object newElement, Collector out) {
    out.collect(lastElement);
    lastElement = newElement; // <- never cache with enableObjectReuse
}
}

(excuse my ugly code)

On Thu, Jun 11, 2020 at 9:25 AM Lorenzo Nicora <[hidden email]> wrote:
Hi Arvid,

answering to your other questions

Here is the stacktrace of the case (1), when I try to read using specific records generated by the AVRO 1.8.2 plugin

java.lang.ClassCastException: java.lang.Long cannot be cast to org.joda.time.DateTime
at com.tenx.client.generalledger.event.GlHeader.put(GlHeader.java:125)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericData.setField(GenericData.java:690)
at org.apache.avro.specific.SpecificDatumReader.readField(SpecificDatumReader.java:119)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericDatumReader.readRecord(GenericDatumReader.java:222)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericDatumReader.readWithoutConversion(GenericDatumReader.java:175)
at org.apache.avro.specific.SpecificDatumReader.readField(SpecificDatumReader.java:116)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericDatumReader.readRecord(GenericDatumReader.java:222)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericDatumReader.readWithoutConversion(GenericDatumReader.java:175)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericDatumReader.read(GenericDatumReader.java:153)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericDatumReader.read(GenericDatumReader.java:145)
at org.apache.avro.file.DataFileStream.next(DataFileStream.java:233)
at org.apache.flink.formats.avro.AvroInputFormat.nextRecord(AvroInputFormat.java:165)
at org.apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.source.ContinuousFileReaderOperator$SplitReader.run(ContinuousFileReaderOperator.java:323)

I also tried generating the specific object with avro 1.9.2 (2) but forcing it to use Joda time but still didn't work

org.apache.flink.streaming.runtime.tasks.ExceptionInChainedOperatorException: Could not forward element to next operator
at org.apache.flink.streaming.runtime.tasks.OperatorChain$CopyingChainingOutput.pushToOperator(OperatorChain.java:596)
at org.apache.flink.streaming.runtime.tasks.OperatorChain$CopyingChainingOutput.collect(OperatorChain.java:554)
at org.apache.flink.streaming.runtime.tasks.OperatorChain$CopyingChainingOutput.collect(OperatorChain.java:534)
at org.apache.flink.streaming.api.operators.AbstractStreamOperator$CountingOutput.collect(AbstractStreamOperator.java:718)
at org.apache.flink.streaming.api.operators.AbstractStreamOperator$CountingOutput.collect(AbstractStreamOperator.java:696)
at org.apache.flink.streaming.api.operators.StreamSourceContexts$ManualWatermarkContext.processAndCollect(StreamSourceContexts.java:305)
at org.apache.flink.streaming.api.operators.StreamSourceContexts$WatermarkContext.collect(StreamSourceContexts.java:394)
at org.apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.source.ContinuousFileReaderOperator$SplitReader.run(ContinuousFileReaderOperator.java:325)
Caused by: org.apache.avro.AvroRuntimeException: Unknown datum type org.joda.time.DateTime: 2020-06-01T02:00:42.326Z
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericData.getSchemaName(GenericData.java:909)
at org.apache.avro.specific.SpecificData.getSchemaName(SpecificData.java:420)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericData.resolveUnion(GenericData.java:871)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericData.deepCopyRaw(GenericData.java:1302)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericData.deepCopy(GenericData.java:1221)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericData.deepCopyRaw(GenericData.java:1283)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericData.deepCopy(GenericData.java:1221)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericData.deepCopyRaw(GenericData.java:1283)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericData.deepCopy(GenericData.java:1221)
at org.apache.flink.formats.avro.typeutils.AvroSerializer.copy(AvroSerializer.java:242)
at org.apache.flink.streaming.runtime.tasks.OperatorChain$CopyingChainingOutput.pushToOperator(OperatorChain.java:577)
... 7 more

But in the second case, it seems the failure happens when Flink tries to make a copy of the record.
So I followed your suggestion of enableObjectReuse() and IT WORKS!

I am not sure I understand all implications of object reuse in Flink, specifically.
I am familiar with the general risk of mutable messages, and I always handle them as mutable even when they are POJO. Never mutating and forwarding the same record.
Not sure whether there are other implications in Flink.

Many thanks
Lorenzo

On Wed, 10 Jun 2020 at 17:52, Arvid Heise <[hidden email]> wrote:
Hi Lorenzo,

1) I'm surprised that this doesn't work. I'd like to see that stacktrace.

2) cannot work like this, because we bundle Avro 1.8.2. You could retest with dateTimeLogicalType='Joda' set, but then you will probably see the same issue as 1)
3) I'm surprised that this doesn't work either. There is a codepath since 2016 for GenericRecord and it's covered in a test. From the error description and the ticket, it looks like the issue is not the AvroInputFormat, but the serializer. So it would probably work with a different serializer (but that would cause back and forth type transformation).

On Wed, Jun 10, 2020 at 4:31 PM Lorenzo Nicora <[hidden email]> wrote:
Thanks Timo,

the stacktrace with 1.9.2-generated specific file is the following
org.apache.flink.streaming.runtime.tasks.ExceptionInChainedOperatorException: Could not forward element to next operator
at org.apache.flink.streaming.runtime.tasks.OperatorChain$CopyingChainingOutput.pushToOperator(OperatorChain.java:596)
at org.apache.flink.streaming.runtime.tasks.OperatorChain$CopyingChainingOutput.collect(OperatorChain.java:554)
at org.apache.flink.streaming.runtime.tasks.OperatorChain$CopyingChainingOutput.collect(OperatorChain.java:534)
at org.apache.flink.streaming.api.operators.AbstractStreamOperator$CountingOutput.collect(AbstractStreamOperator.java:718)
at org.apache.flink.streaming.api.operators.AbstractStreamOperator$CountingOutput.collect(AbstractStreamOperator.java:696)
at org.apache.flink.streaming.api.operators.StreamSourceContexts$ManualWatermarkContext.processAndCollect(StreamSourceContexts.java:305)
at org.apache.flink.streaming.api.operators.StreamSourceContexts$WatermarkContext.collect(StreamSourceContexts.java:394)
at org.apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.source.ContinuousFileReaderOperator$SplitReader.run(ContinuousFileReaderOperator.java:325)
Caused by: org.apache.avro.AvroRuntimeException: Unknown datum type java.time.Instant: 2020-06-01T02:00:42.105Z
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericData.getSchemaName(GenericData.java:909)
at org.apache.avro.specific.SpecificData.getSchemaName(SpecificData.java:420)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericData.resolveUnion(GenericData.java:871)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericData.deepCopyRaw(GenericData.java:1302)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericData.deepCopy(GenericData.java:1221)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericData.deepCopyRaw(GenericData.java:1283)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericData.deepCopy(GenericData.java:1221)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericData.deepCopyRaw(GenericData.java:1283)
at org.apache.avro.generic.GenericData.deepCopy(GenericData.java:1221)
at org.apache.flink.formats.avro.typeutils.AvroSerializer.copy(AvroSerializer.java:242)
at org.apache.flink.streaming.runtime.tasks.OperatorChain$CopyingChainingOutput.pushToOperator(OperatorChain.java:577)
... 7 more

I reckon logical types might have been considered somehow experimental since...ever. But, honestly, I've been using them in the Kafka/Java ecosystem as well as in Spark without too many problems.

For my specific use case, the schema is given. Messages are produced by a 3rd party and we cannot change the schema (especially because it's a legit schema).
I am desperately looking for a workaround.

I had a similar issue with a Kafka Source, and AVRO records containing decimals and timestamps. Timestamps worked but not decimals.
I was able to work around the problem using GenericRecords.
But Kafka source relies on AvroDeserializationSchema rather than AvroSerializer, and has no problem handling GenericRecords.

I'm honestly finding very confusing having different ways of handling AVRO deserialization inside Flink core components.

Cheers
Lorenzo

On Wed, 10 Jun 2020 at 15:02, Timo Walther <[hidden email]> wrote:
Hi Lorenzo,

as far as I know we don't support Avro's logical times in Flink's
AvroInputFormat yet. E.g. AvroRowDeserializationSchema [1] supports the
1.8.2 version of logical types but might be incompatible with 1.9.2.

Reg 2) Specific record generated with AVRO 1.9.2 plugin:

Could you send us the full stack trace? I think this should actually
work, because specific records are handled as POJOs and those should be
able to also deal with logical type's classes through Kryo.

Reg 3) Generic record

It would be great if we can make this option possible. We could include
it in the next minor release fix.

Sorry, for the bad user experience. But IMHO logical type are still
experiemental in Avro. Maybe 1.9.2 has finally fixed the biggest
shortcomings such that Flink can properly support them as well.

Regards,
Timo

[1]
https://github.com/apache/flink/blob/master/flink-formats/flink-avro/src/main/java/org/apache/flink/formats/avro/AvroRowDeserializationSchema.java

On 10.06.20 15:08, Lorenzo Nicora wrote:
> Hi,
>
> I need to continuously ingest AVRO files as they arrive.
> Files are written by an S3 Sink Kafka Connect but S3 is not the point
> here. I started trying to ingest a static bunch of files from local fs
> first and I am having weird issues with AVRO deserialization.
>
> I have to say, the records contain logical types, timestamps-ms and decimals
>
> To keep it simple, I extracted the AVRO schema from the data files and
> used avro-maven-plugin to generate POJOs
> I tried multiple combinations, all with no luck
>
> 1) Specific record generated with AVRO 1.8.2 plugin
>
> Path in = new Path(sourceBasePath);
> AvroInputFormat<AccountEntries> inputFormat = new AvroInputFormat<>(in,
> AccountEntries.class);
> DataStream<AccountEntries> accountEntries = env
> .readFile(inputFormat, sourceBasePath,
> FileProcessingMode.PROCESS_CONTINUOUSLY, FILE_SCAN_INTERVAL_MS);
>
> *Result*
> java.lang.ClassCastException: java.lang.Long cannot be cast to
> org.joda.time.DateTime
> (IIRC this is a known AVRO 1.8.2 issue)
>
>
> 2) Specific record generated with AVRO 1.9.2 plugin
> Same code as above but AVRO POJOs are generated with AVRO 1.9.2
>
> *Result*
> org.apache.avro.AvroRuntimeException: Unknown datum type java.time.Instant
>
>
> 3) Generic record
> I am getting the Schema from the generated specific record, for
> convenience, but I am not using the generated POJO as record.
> I also followed the suggestions in this Flink blog post
> <https://flink.apache.org/news/2020/04/15/flink-serialization-tuning-vol-1.html#avro-generic>,
> to explicitly specify the TypeInfo with returns(...)
>
> Path in = new Path(config.sourceFileSystemPath);
> Schema schema = AccountEntries.getClassSchema();
> AvroInputFormat<GenericRecord> inputFormat = new AvroInputFormat<>(in,
> GenericRecord.class);
> DataStream<GenericRecord> accountEntries = env
> .readFile(inputFormat, config.sourceFileSystemPath,
> FileProcessingMode.PROCESS_CONTINUOUSLY, FILE_SCAN_INTERVAL_MS)
> .returns(new GenericRecordAvroTypeInfo(schema));
>
>
> *Result*
> The class 'org.apache.avro.generic.GenericRecord' is not instantiable:
> The class is not a proper class. It is either abstract, an interface, or
> a primitive type.
>
> This looks like a bug.
> I raised the ticket <https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/FLINK-18223>
> and I will try to submit a fix, but still do not solve my problem as I
> am using a managed Flink I cannot update.
> I cannot believe there is no workaround. I do not think I'm trying to do
> anything bizarre. Am I?
>
> Any ideas?
> Am I missing something obvious?
>
> Cheers
> Lorenzo

--
Arvid Heise | Senior Java Developer

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Arvid Heise | Senior Java Developer

Follow us @VervericaData
--
Join Flink Forward - The Apache Flink Conference
Stream Processing | Event Driven | Real Time
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--
Ververica GmbH
Registered at Amtsgericht Charlottenburg: HRB 158244 B
Managing Directors: Timothy Alexander Steinert, Yip Park Tung Jason, Ji (Toni) Cheng
--
Arvid Heise | Senior Java Developer

Follow us @VervericaData
--
Join Flink Forward - The Apache Flink Conference
Stream Processing | Event Driven | Real Time
--
Ververica GmbH | Invalidenstrasse 115, 10115 Berlin, Germany
--
Ververica GmbH
Registered at Amtsgericht Charlottenburg: HRB 158244 B
Managing Directors: Timothy Alexander Steinert, Yip Park Tung Jason, Ji (Toni) Cheng
--
Arvid Heise | Senior Java Developer

Follow us @VervericaData
--
Join Flink Forward - The Apache Flink Conference
Stream Processing | Event Driven | Real Time
--
Ververica GmbH | Invalidenstrasse 115, 10115 Berlin, Germany
--
Ververica GmbH
Registered at Amtsgericht Charlottenburg: HRB 158244 B
Managing Directors: Timothy Alexander Steinert, Yip Park Tung Jason, Ji (Toni) Cheng
--
Arvid Heise | Senior Java Developer

Follow us @VervericaData
--
Join Flink Forward - The Apache Flink Conference
Stream Processing | Event Driven | Real Time
--
Ververica GmbH | Invalidenstrasse 115, 10115 Berlin, Germany
--
Ververica GmbH
Registered at Amtsgericht Charlottenburg: HRB 158244 B
Managing Directors: Timothy Alexander Steinert, Yip Park Tung Jason, Ji (Toni) Cheng